Provided are Listeria-based immunogenic compositions comprising Wilms tumor protein (WT1) antigens and methods for treating and vaccinating against cancer and inducing an immune response against the same in a subject. Also provided herein are recombinant fusion polypeptides or chimeric polypeptides comprising Wilms tumor protein antigens, nucleic acids encoding such chimeric polypeptides or fusion polypeptides, recombinant bacteria or Listeria strains comprising such chimeric polypeptides or fusion polypeptides or such nucleic acids, and cell banks comprising such recombinant bacteria or Listeria strains. Also provided herein are methods of generating such chimeric polypeptides or fusion polypeptides, such nucleic acids, and such recombinant bacteria or Listeria strains. Also provided are immunogenic compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, and vaccines comprising such chimeric polypeptides or fusion polypeptides, such nucleic acids, or such recombinant bacteria or Listeria strains. Also provided are methods of inducing an anti-WT1 immune response in a subject, methods of inducing an anti-WT1-expressing-tumor or anti-WT1-expressing-cancer immune response in a subject, methods of treating a WT1-expressing or WT1-associated tumor or cancer in a subject, methods of preventing a WT1-expressing or WT1-associated tumor or cancer in a subject, and methods of protecting a subject against a WT1-expressing or WT1-associated tumor or cancer using such recombinant chimeric polypeptides or fusion polypeptides, nucleic acids, recombinant bacteria or Listeria strains, immunogenic compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, or vaccines.