A battery management system (BMS) and method for determining an active material content in an electrode includes determining a first peak in an inverse-differential capacity analysis curve of a the battery, determining a second peak in an incremental capacity analysis (ICA) curve associated with the at least one electrode, mapping the first peak of the inverse-differential capacity analysis curve to the second peak of the ICA curve, determining an active material content in the at least one electrode of the battery based on the mapping, and optimizing a performance of the battery based on the active material content in the at least one electrode.