A novel light-emitting device, a novel light-emitting apparatus, a novel electronic device, a novel display device, and a novel lighting device which are highly convenient, useful, or reliable are provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer, and a second layer. The second electrode includes a region overlapping with the first electrode, the first layer includes a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first layer includes a light-emitting material, the light-emitting material has a function of emitting photoluminescent light in a solution, the photoluminescent light has a first spectrum, the first spectrum has a maximum peak at a wavelength λ1, and the wavelength λ1 is in the range greater than or equal to 440 nm and less than or equal to 470 nm. The second layer includes a region sandwiched between the first layer and the second electrode, the second layer includes a first organic compound, the first organic compound has a first refractive index n1 with respect to light having the wavelength λ1, and the first refractive index n1 is more than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 1.75.