An electronic device according to various embodiments may include: a display, a communication interface comprising communication circuitry, a memory, and a processor operatively connected to the display, the communication interface, and the memory, wherein the processor is configured to: determine a connection to an external device via the communication interface, receive a request for executing a first task from the external device, execute the first task based on an application stored in the memory in response to the request for executing the first task, generate a first virtual display including an execution screen of the first task, and transmit the first virtual display to the external device, receive, during the execution of the first task, a request for executing a second task from the external device, and execute the second task based on an application stored in the memory in response to the request for executing the second task, generate a second virtual display including an execution screen of the second task, and transmit the second virtual display to the external device.