A sampling robot, a robot system for goods sampling and detection and a detection method are disclosed. The image collection unit takes photos of a sample. The refrigeration unit stores the sample at a preset temperature. The biometric information collection unit collects the biometric information of the operator. The intelligent mobile unit moves according to a planned path. The control unit provides destination information to the intelligent mobile unit and judges whether the current sample is a sample to be detected, and judges the biometric information of the operator.