A photovoltaic system includes a plurality of photovoltaic racks, a plurality of photovoltaic strings connected to each photovoltaic rack in the plurality of photovoltaic racks, a detector, and a controller. Each photovoltaic rack is configured to rotate by an angle through the controller. Each photovoltaic string is configured to convert light energy into electric energy. The detector is separately connected to the controller and the plurality of photovoltaic strings, and is configured to detect blocking parameters of the plurality of photovoltaic strings. The controller is connected to the plurality of photovoltaic racks, and is configured to: control, based on illumination angles, the plurality of photovoltaic racks to rotate by an angle, obtain a photovoltaic rack blocking relationship based on the blocking parameters of the plurality of photovoltaic strings, and adjust a rotation angle of a first photovoltaic rack or a second photovoltaic rack based on the photovoltaic rack blocking relationship.