A resin powder may be superior in passability through pipes and silos, and a method may produce such a resin powder. The resin powder contains a vinyl alcohol polymer, an average particle diameter thereof is 100 to 2,000 μm, and an average value PA of a roundness P by formula (1), of 50 particles arbitrarily extracted from the particles of the resin powder having a particle diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm, is 0.1 to 0.8. P=(Σi=1Nri)/NR  (1) ri being a radius of curvature of each particle corner of the 50 particles; R being a maximum inscribed circle radius of the particle; and N being a number of particle corners. If the number of particle corners is 9 or more, the radii of curvature of eight corners, in increasing order from a smallest radius of curvature, are adopted, and N is 8.