Provided are a pretreatment liquid for impermeable medium printing which includes a first type of resin particles that contain a resin having a glass transition temperature of 30° C. or higher, at least one aggregating agent selected from the group consisting of a polyvalent metal compound, a di- or higher valent carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, and a metal complex, and water, wherein when a solution comprising the first type of resin particles is coated on a surface to produce a film, a water contact angle of the film is in a range of and a mass ratio of a content of the first type of resin particles to a content of the aggregating agent is in a range of 10:1 to 1:1; a method of producing a base material for printing; an image recording method; and an ink set.