[Object] An actuator includes an actuator body that includes a first surface and a second surface that face each other; a first constraining member that is provided on the first surface, and constrains the first surface from expanding and contracting; and a second constraining member that is provided on the second surface, and constrains the second surface from expanding and contracting. The actuator body includes a first electrode, a second electrode that faces the first electrode, and an elastomer layer that is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode is a pattern electrode. The first constraining member and the second constraining member are provided correspondingly to the first electrode.