The present disclosure discloses a stable and high-capacity neutral aqueous redox flow lithium battery based on redox-targeting reaction and belongs to the technical field of flow lithium batteries. The present disclosure solves the technical problem that an existing flow battery can only work at low current density. The flow lithium battery of the present disclosure includes a positive electrode storage tank and a negative electrode storage tank; the positive electrode storage tank is filled with a positive electrolyte; and the negative electrode storage tank is filled with a negative electrolyte. The flow lithium battery is characterized in that the positive electrolyte includes a salt containing [Fe(CN)6]4− and/or [Fe(CN)6]3−, and the positive electrode storage tank is further filled with LFP particles and/or FP particles. The flow lithium battery of the present disclosure has wide application prospects in the field of large-scale energy storage.