The disclosure provides an image uniformity compensation device. The image uniformity compensation device includes a local pre-compensation circuit, a chromaticity uniformity compensation circuit, a local post-compensation circuit, and a luminance uniformity correction circuit. A local pre-conversion performed by the local pre-compensation circuit includes the following. An image frame is divided into multiple regions, and each of the regions is converted from an optical non-linear domain to an optical linear domain to generate a corresponding region in multiple regions of a converted frame. A local post-conversion performed by the local post-compensation circuit includes the following. An image frame is divided into multiple regions, and each of the regions is converted from the optical linear domain to the optical non-linear domain to generate a corresponding region in multiple regions of a converted frame.