This application provides a satellite communication method and apparatus. A terminal obtains a level-1 broadcast signal from a satellite, where a beam status corresponding to the level-1 broadcast signal is an energy saving state, and the level-1 broadcast signal includes synchronization information. The terminal obtains a level-2 broadcast signal from the satellite, where a beam status corresponding to the level-2 broadcast signal is a broadband communication state. The terminal communicates with the satellite based on the level-2 broadcast signal.