Systems and methods are provided to implement cooperative traffic congestion detection, and enhance the accuracy of detection of traffic congestion for enhanced routing and maneuvering vehicles along a travel route. A vehicle is configured to receive vehicle data from an ad-hoc network of a plurality of vehicles that are communicatively connected (and proximately located). A subset of the plurality of vehicles can be sensor-rich vehicles that are equipped with ranging sensors (e.g., cameras, LIDAR, radar, ultrasonic sensors), which enables real-time detection of the multiple traffic parameters, such as the presence of other vehicles, vehicle speed, vehicle movement, traffic, and the like, within the vicinity along the route. The vehicle employs cooperative traffic congestion detection, and fuses data from the plurality of vehicles, including sensor-rich vehicles and legacy vehicles, and applies a learning-based algorithm, such as a machine-learning (ML) algorithm, to generate a real-time and more accurate estimate of traffic congestion.