A dispersion liquid contains a metal oxide particle surface-modified with a silane compound and a silicone compound, when a transmission spectrum of the metal oxide particles that are obtained by vacuum-drying the dispersion liquid is measured in a wavenumber range of 800 cm−1 or more and 3800 cm−1 or less with FT-IR, IA/IB≤3.5 is satisfied (IA is a spectrum value at 3,500 cm−1 and IB is a spectrum value at 1,100 cm−1), and, when the dispersion liquid and methyl phenyl silicone are mixed such that a mass ratio of a total mass of the metal oxide particles and the surface-modifying material to a mass of methyl phenyl silicone becomes 30:70 and the hydrophobic solvent is removed, a viscosity is 9 Pa·s or less.