According to one embodiment, a structure evaluation system according to an embodiment includes a plurality of sensors, a position locator, a corrector, and an evaluator. The plurality of sensors detect elastic waves generated from a structure. The position locator is configured to locate positions of sources of a plurality of elastic waves detected by the plurality of sensors on the basis of the plurality of elastic waves. The corrector is configured to correct information based on the position location in the position locator using a correction value which is determined according to a temperature of the structure. The evaluator is configured to evaluate a deterioration state of the structure on the basis of the corrected information.