A radionuclide production system is a system for producing a radionuclide by irradiating a liquid containing a raw material nuclide with bremsstrahlung radiation, the radionuclide production system including: a circulation path configured to allow a liquid containing a raw material nuclide to circulate; and a radiation generation unit configured to generate bremsstrahlung radiation to irradiate the liquid. A metal member containing a pure metal of a platinum group or an alloy of the platinum group is provided at an upper portion in the circulation path. In a radionuclide production method, the raw material nuclide contained in the liquid is transformed to the radionuclide by irradiating the liquid with the bremsstrahlung radiation while circulating the liquid containing the raw material nuclide in the circulation path, and oxygen and hydrogen generated due to radiolysis of the liquid are removed by a recombination reaction with a metal member formed of the pure metal.