Provided is a microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a microfluidic channel formed between the first substrate and the second substrate and configured to accommodate at least one droplet, drive electrodes arranged in an array and sensing electrodes disposed on a side of the first substrate. Each sensing electrode includes at least one first branch electrode and at least one second branch electrode. The first branch electrode extends along a first direction, and the second branch electrode extends along a second direction. Different drive voltage signals are applied to adjacent drive electrodes to drive the droplet to move. Detection signals are applied to the sensing electrodes, and a position of the droplet is determined according to a change in capacitance between one sensing electrode and an electrode corresponding thereto when the droplet flows by.