An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a display, at least one sensor, a communication circuit, one or more processors, and memory. The memory store one or more computer programs including computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to obtain first exercise data on the basis of a value measured by means of the at least one sensor, in a first operation mode, generate and store first exercise summary data on the basis of the first exercise data, communication-connect to a first external electronic device by means of the communication circuit, if a predefined data type is received from the first external electronic device, switch to a second operation mode, receive a data transmission command from the first external electronic device by means of the communication circuit, when the data transmission command is received, obtain second exercise data corresponding to content displayed on a second external electronic device, on the basis of a value measured by means of the at least one sensor, transmit second exercise data to the first external electronic device in real time for a predetermined time by means of the communication circuit, and receive and store second exercise summary data generated on the basis of the second exercise data, from the second external electronic device.