In a search and tracking method for full time-domain laser detection of space debris, a set of latest precision orbital parameters of a debris object and start and end moments of a current transit of the object are first obtained. Search-specific guidance data is generated based on the above information and in combination with estimation of a maximum along-track error of the orbital parameters of the object during the current transit. A DLR system performs multi-elevation search on the object based on the search-specific guidance data, obtains a plurality of pieces of detection data of the object after detecting the object during the search, determines an along-track error of the orbital parameters of the object based on the detection data, and corrects the orbital parameters of the object in real time based on the along-track error, so as to guide the DLR system to subsequently track and detect the object.