The present disclosure discloses a virtual musical instrument based on Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) chip identification, including at least one motion capture component and a conversion component, wherein a UWB transmitting chip is arranged in the at least one motion capture component, and a motion trajectory of the motion capture component is captured through the UWB transmitting chip; a UWB receiving chip is arranged in the conversion component, and a signal of the UWB transmitting chip in the at least one motion capture component is received through the UWB receiving chip; and the virtual musical instrument further includes a sound output component wirelessly connected to the conversion component, wherein the sound output component receives a signal of the conversion component and sends out an audio of a corresponding region.