Implementations set forth herein relate to an automated assistant that can be invoked while a user is interfacing with a foreground application in order to retrieve data from one or more different applications, and then provide the retrieved data to the foreground application. A user can invoke the automated assistant while operating the foreground application by providing a spoken utterance, and the automated assistant can select one or more other applications to query based on content of the spoken utterance. Application data collected by the automated assistant from the one or more other applications can then be used to provide an input to the foreground application. In this way, the user can bypass switching between applications in the foreground in order to retrieve data that has been generated by other applications.