A process for the continuous production of a rubber compound in a twin-screw extruder is disclosed that improves the dispersion of carbon black in the extrudate while reducing the specific energy requirements of the extrudate. Rubber is fed into the extruder together with a processing aid and masticated up to a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. Subsequently, a first part of carbon black representing preferably 40% to 80% of the whole quantity of carbon black is fed into the heated extrudate. Afterwards, plasticizing oil is added to the extrudate before the second remaining carbon black part is fed and incorporated into the extrudate at a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. The whole compound is then cooled, a crosslinking agent is added, and the compound is homogenized and extruded.