The invention relates to 3,4-dehydropiperidine derivatives having psychotropic activity, which compounds are represented by the general formula 1 ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 hydrocarbon group, or a group of the general formula ##STR2## wherein A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkylene,R.sub.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, andR.sub.6 is unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl, hydrocarbon, substituted or unsubstituted (hetero)aralkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic; or wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together with the carbamoyl group to which they are bound constitute a heterocyclic ring system;n has the value 1 or 2; andZ is a heterocyclic group.