An electrode substrate is produced through at least the following steps of: forming a plurality of first electrodes on a light-transmissive substrate while leaving a spacing between the first electrodes, filling a resin in the spacing, curing the filled resin, and forming a plurality of second electrodes on the first electrodes and the resin so as to be in contact with the associated first electrodes, respectively. In the electrode substrate, the first electrodes have a thickness h (nm) and an average surface roughness d (nm) and the resin has a curing shrinkage ratio .alpha. (%). The thickness h, the average surface roughness d and the curing shrinkage ratio a satisfies the following relationship: d.gtoreq..alpha..multidot.h/1000. A liquid crystal device is produced by using the electrode substrate satisfying the above relationship, whereby a ripple-shaped shrinkage due to a shrinkage of the resin can be prevented in an effective optical modulation region to minimize a cell gap unevenness and provide a uniform alignment state to liquid crystal molecules, thus suppressing occurrences of an ununiform optical state, crosstalk and an irregularity in drive characteristics to improve display qualities.