A vibration actuator includes a vibration member; and a plurality of electromechanical energy conversion elements for vibrating the vibration member. The electromechanical energy conversion elements include a plurality of first energy conversion elements each having at least four divided electrodes. The first energy conversion elements are stacked, and electrodes, which are in phase with each other, of each energy conversion element are connected in respective regions of the energy conversion element to attain electrical connections.