According to the present invention, there is provided a rubber composition for a conveyor belt comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an ethylene/&agr;-olefin containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms/non-conjugated polyene copolymer rubber containing a diene unit derived from special non-conjugated dienes, (B) 0.5 to 15 parts by weight of an organic peroxide, (C) 30 to 80 parts by weight of a carbon black and (D) 5 to 25 parts by weight of a softening agent. This rubber composition provides excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance (including heat aging resistance), abrasion resistance and roll processability. It is especially preferred to convey a sintered product, a coke, a cement, clinker and quicklime.