A technique for wave-mixing frequency translation is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a general construction for multi-log wave-mixing unicast or multicast cross-connects, with b×b space-switching elements, where b≧2. The resulting cross-connects support all-optical frequency-conversion, and they exploit multi-stage wave-mixing bulk frequency-translation In these cross-connects, for any light-path the worst case number of cascaded frequency-conversions is O(logb W), where W is the number of wavelengths per fiber. The wavelength-converter requirements are of between O(F) and O(F logb W), per stage and per plane, where F is the number of fibers.