There is provided a probe for a scanning probe microscope, comprising: a proximal end; and a distal tip portion, wherein the distal tip portion has a tip surface which faces a fixed sample, and at least one monolayer is formed at least on the tip surface, and a molecule having a chemical sensor function or catalytic function is placed in or on an outermost monolayer above the tip surface. There is provided a probe for a scanning probe microscope, comprising: a cover layer containing an electrically conductive polymer; and a catalyst in the cover layer, the catalyst being selected from a group consisting of inorganic catalysts and organic catalysts. There are provided a scanning probe microscope equipped with the above probe, and a molecule processing method using such a scanning probe microscope.