Pulp and/or paper samples are scanned with a Laser Raman Spectroscopic probe, utilizing Raman spectroscopic technology, to generate Raman spectroscopic images of all or selected ones of the constituents and/or contaminants contained in the sample, to compare the same with a library of Raman spectroscopic fingerprints of known constituents and/or contaminants, and to identify and communicate data on all or selected ones of the constituents and/or contaminants for purposes of controlling the paper making process and/or determination of the quality of the paper produced.