A process for producing a fiber-reinforced, ceramic structural component comprising high-temperature resistant fibers which are reaction-bonded to a matrix of silicon carbide comprises the steps of coating bundles of fibers with pyrolysable binder and solidifying the binder, producing mixtures of fiber bundles, fillers and binders, pressing the mixtures to produce a pressed body, pyrolysing the pressed body under the exclusion of oxygen to form a porous, carbon-containing preform, infiltrating the preform with a silicon melt to form the silicon carbide matrix, in which various pressing compounds are produced, which contain fibers of different quality and in different proportions and different coatings. These pressing compounds are arranged at different levels and in different spatial directions in the press mould during the filling of the press mould. After the pressing, the regions produced in this way are retained in the press mould. After the infiltration of the preform with silicon, the structural component is distinguished by different materials properties, in particular ductility and resistance to wear.