It is an object of the present invention to provide a multilevel optical recording medium in which influence of variation in characteristics of a recording layer in a plane of the recording layer on reproduced data can be correctedThe multilevel optical recording medium according to the present invention includes at least a recording layer 12 and is constituted so that data can be recorded therein in a multilevel manner by controlling a state of the recording layer 12 among multiple stages and the multilevel optical recording medium according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of calibration signals are stored in the recording layer 12. According to the thus constituted multilevel optical recording medium, since an optical data recording and reproducing apparatus can detect and correct for the variation in characteristics of the recording layer 12 in the plane thereof, even in the case where variation in characteristics of the recording layer 12 in the plane thereof is present, data recorded in the multilevel optical recording medium in a multilevel manner can be read in a desired manner.