The present invention discloses a recombinant protein having an anti-cancer effect, its encoding gene and uses thereof. The recombinant protein having an anti-cancer effect provided by the present invention is one selected from the group consisting of: 1) a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No:2 shown in the sequence listing; 2) a protein derived from SEQ ID No:2, which has a sequence homology of more than 90% with SEQ ID No:2 and which has the same activity as that of SEQ ID No:2; 3) a protein derived from SEQ ID No:2, which is obtained by adding or deleting 15 or less amino acid residues at the N-terminus of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No:2, and which has the same activity as that of SEQ ID No:2; 4) a protein derived from SEQ ID No:2, which is obtained by adding or deleting 15 or less amino acid residues at the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No:2, and which has the same activity as that of SEQ ID No:2; 5) a protein derived from SEQ ID No:2, which is obtained by substitution, deletion, or addition of one or several amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No:2, and which has the same activity as that of SEQ ID No:2. The medicament containing above recombinant protein as active component has significant selective inhibitory effect on tumor cells, and does not induce apoptosis of normal tissue cells, and has important applicable value.