The inventive system for controlling the regeneration of depollution means (1) which is integrated into the exhaust line (2) of a motor vehicle engine (3) and is associated with a common rail fuel supply means for carrying out the depollution means regeneration strategies (6) by using the fuel post-injections into the engine cylinders, wherein said system also comprises, for each regeneration, means (7) for calculating a total time spent in different regeneration strategies and means (8) for comparing said total time with a maximum threshold value (9) in order to stop the regeneration when said threshold is exceeded.