A transmitting apparatus arranges data in matrix, calculates error correction codes in the data's column direction, arranges the calculated error correction codes in matrix having the same number of columns as the data, attaches number information corresponding to a row number to each row having data or error correction code, encapsulates, into each packet, each row having number information and data or error correction code, plus error detection code detecting one or more bit errors at least in the number information and the data or error correction code in the packet, and transmits the packet. Receiving apparatus discards received packets having detected errors using the error detection code in each packet, checks packet losses according to number information, and restores lost data using the error correction codes. An error correction method compensates for packet losses and bit errors in a packet, realizing efficient transmission with less delay by simple configuration.