Disclosed is a picture quality testing apparatus and method of a liquid crystal display which can measure at least any one of gray inversion and color shift. An apparatus for testing the picture quality of a liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal display for displaying a test pattern, an image pickup device for photographing the test pattern of the liquid crystal display, a measurer for measuring the transmittance of the test pattern photographed by the image pickup device, and a rotating means for rotating at least one of the liquid crystal display and the image pickup device while the image pickup device photographs the test pattern.