A method and apparatus for mapping coded data symbols to resources in a mobile communication system. An S/P converter converts a serial signal including user data or control information into a plurality of parallel signals. A DFT unit performs Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the parallel signals output from the S/P converter. A controller controls the DFT unit so that among the signals output from the S/P converter, a control channel is mapped in the maximum available resources to which the control channel can be mapped, among the resources included in a resource block, and data symbols are mapped to the remaining resources, except for the maximum available resources to which the control channel can be mapped. A subcarrier mapper allocates the signals output from the DFT unit to subcarriers. An RF processor converts a signal output from the subcarrier mapper into a radio signal.