A transmitting apparatus generates and transmits 3t+1 or more number of codewords for a message and multiple faulty encoded message identifying data, wherein the information regarding the message may not be obtained from t or less number of encoded messages and the message can be decoded from 2t+1 or more codewords. The faulty encoded message identifying data are able to detect t or less number of faulty codewords of the message, even if there are t or less number of faulty codewords. A receiving apparatus checks whether there is no fault in each codeword for the message, using the codewords of the message and faulty encoded message identifying data for the codewords of the message received and the corresponding faulty encoded message identifying data and also checks whether the codewords decided to be non-faulty are all of the same message. The receiving apparatus, if the codewords decided to be non-faulty are all of the same message, decodes the message from the codewords decided to be non-faulty, and outputs the so decoded message and if otherwise, outputs a signal indicating failure in message reception.