An ultrasonic gas flow measurement device includes a dumbbell-shaped tube, a first ultrasonic transceiver, a second ultrasonic transceiver, a first cover part, a second cover part and a control unit. The dumbbell-shaped tube includes a central tube part, a first cone part, a first tube part, a second cone part and a second tube part, wherein the first tube part has a flow inlet, the second tube part has a flow outlet, the central tube part connects to the first tube part through the first cone part, and connects to the second tube part through the second cone part. The first ultrasonic transceiver installed inside the first tube part is used for transmitting or receiving ultrasonic signals. The second ultrasonic transceiver installed inside the second tube part is used for transmitting or receiving ultrasonic signals. The control unit is used to control the first and second transceivers.