A component presence/absence judging apparatus judges the presence/absence of components through a registration step and an inspection step. The registration step includes an ante-mounting feature acquisition step, a post-mounting feature acquisition step and a classifier configuration step. At the ante-mounting and post-mounting feature acquisition steps, ante-mounting features and post-mounting features are respectively acquired from an ante-mounting image and a post-mounting image taken at each of predetermined places on an ante-mounting board and a post-mounting board. At the classifier configuration step, a classifier is configured by registering the ante-mounting features and the post-mounting features as training data to a support vector machine. Then, at the inspection step, the presence/absence of a component at each of the predetermined places on each post-mounting operation board to be inspected is judged by inputting post-mounting operation features acquired from each of the predetermined places on each post-mounting operation board to the support vector machine configured as the classifier.