A pattern-forming method includes forming a resist film on a substrate using a photoresist composition, exposing the resist film, and developing the exposed resist film using a negative developer that includes an organic solvent. The photoresist composition includes (A) a polymer that includes a structural unit (I) including an acid-labile group that dissociates due to an acid, the solubility of the polymer in the developer decreasing upon dissociation of the acid-labile group, and (B) a photoacid generator. The developer includes a nitrogen-containing compound.