Provided is a method of printing a structural color. The method includes providing a first substrate, forming a layer of a composition for generating a structural color including magnetic nanoparticles and a curable material on the first substrate, applying a magnetic field to the layer of the composition for generating a structural color and exhibiting a structural color using a change in lattice spacing of a photonic crystal composed of magnetic nanoparticles depending on the magnetic field strength, and curing the layer of the composition for generating a structural color to fix the lattice spacing of the photonic crystal and to form a structural color printed layer.