A 3D image display apparatus is provided. The 3D image display apparatus includes a light emission unit including one or more cells, the cells being configured to respectively adjust a direction in which light is emitted, an active prism array on the light emission unit, the active prism array including one or more prism units corresponding to the cells, the active prism array being configured to adjust an inclination of a refracting surface of each of the prism units according to an electric signal to change an optical path, and a display panel configured to modulate light that passes through the active prism array according to an image signal to form an image.