A method and apparatus for implementing cloud computing by efficiently encoding a display screen between a cloud server and a client terminal. The method for encoding a cloud display screen in the cloud server, includes: acquiring region information of currently generated windows based on an application programming interface (API) function information of an Operating System (OS); extracting relative depth information between each of the currently generated windows from the OS; generating an encoding mode map in which an entire screen is divided into a plurality of blocks, based on the acquired region information and the extracted relative depth information; and encoding each of the plurality of blocks based on the generated encoding mode map.