A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving an uplink Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The method includes receiving index information for a sounding reference signal (SRS); determining an SRS offset and an SRS period, based on the index information; and transmitting the SRS, based on the SRS offset and the SRS period. If the index information includes an integer from 0 to 9, the SRS is transmitted twice in a period of 5 ms. If the index information includes an integer from 10 to 644, the SRS period is selected among 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, and 320 ms.