A video decoding apparatus according to one aspect of the disclosure performs a decoding process, on a process block basis, using a motion vector of the process block and prediction information candidates of the motion vector. The video decoding apparatus includes a first prediction information candidate generating part configured to acquire the prediction information of the adjacent block to generate the prediction information candidate if motion compensation of the block is performed using the same prediction information as the prediction information of the adjacent block; and a second prediction information candidate generating part configured to add prediction information to the prediction information candidates if the number of the prediction information candidates is less than a predetermined number and two prediction information items of the prediction information candidates have the reference picture identifiers indicating the same picture, the added prediction information including an averaged motion vector of two motion vectors.