An indication map delivery method, an indication operation method, a device, and a system are provided. In the embodiments of the present invention, a compressed Indication Map (IM) generated by a wireless access device includes at least one of a tiny partial bitmap sub-element, a skipped indication bits sub-element, and an indication bit offset sub-element, and consecutive indication bits with the same value at positions in an original IM can be compressed into a skipped indication bits sub-element, an indication bit offset sub-element, or the like. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention facilitate improvement of compression efficiency of an IM, and further reduce radio air interface resources occupied for sending the IM and improve IM sending efficiency.