The present document provides a scene recognition method and device based on ambient sound and a mobile terminal. The device includes: a sound collection module, a preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a scene recognition module and a database. The method includes: collecting a sound signal; processing the sound signal into a frequency domain signal; extracting sound feature information from the frequency domain signal; inputting the sound feature information under a preset model, matching a model output result with weight values of sound sample models of scenes, and determining a scene corresponding to the sound feature information. The present document implements locating based on background sound information as the feature of the scene, so that the mobile terminal quickly and correctly recognizes the current scene under the maintaining low-consumption state.