A method, an eNodeB and a User Equipment for transmitting Random Access Response messages are provided. The method includes: receiving Random Access Preamble transmitted by the UE through the Random Access Channel; according to the RAP, determining whether the UE belongs to the central group or the edge group of the Random Access Area; after determining that the UE belongs to the central group of the RAA, determining the RAA which the UE belongs to; transmitting the first RAR message to the UE according to the RAP, the channel resource information of the RACH, and the RAA. By transmitting the RAR message on the basis of the RAP and the RAA, the method, eNB and UE for transmitting RAR messages enable different RAR messages to be transmitted with respect to identical Random Access requests of different RAAs.