Embodiments of the present invention relate to a spectrum allocation method and device. The method includes: determining, by a first base station, according to first broadcast information sent by at least one second base station, usage of a preferred frequency band of the at least one second base station; and determining, by the first base station, according to the usage of the preferred frequency band of the at least one second base station, use of the preferred frequency band of the at least one second base station by the first base station. Therefore, it is implemented that a spectrum resource utilization ratio is improved.