A ZIGBEE network-based data transmission method used to resolve a problem, that when a ZIGBEE network to which interference is relatively large is used to perform data transmission, a relatively low success rate of data transmission may be caused. The method includes, when detecting that a current working channel is interfered, acquiring, by a first routing node, interference energy intensities of remaining channels, determining that channels whose interference energy intensities are less than a first threshold are available switching channels, and sending a channel report message to an upper-layer routing node, where the channel report message includes all available switching channels, receiving a channel switching message sent by the upper-layer routing node, and switching to a target switching channel indicated by the channel switching message and receiving data using the target switching channel.